Volume 11 Issue 4 ( December 2024)

This research focuses on the development of defense technology centered around turret guns. A turret gun is a projectile weapon capable of moving with orientation along the axes of elevation and azimuth. A responsive, accurate, and stable system is essential for effectively targeting objectives. Therefore, simulations were conducted to control the azimuth axis position of a 20 mm caliber turret gun using MATLAB, tuning the PID parameters with the Cohen-Coon method to achieve both rapid and stable responses. In this study, the Cohen- Coon PID tuning method was compared with the Ziegler-Nichols and Root Locus methods previously explored by other researchers. Parameters compared in this study included rise time, settling time, and overshoot in the turret gun response system. The results showed that the Cohen-Coon tuning method produced the lowest overshoot value at 16.5%, compared to 64.48% with the Ziegler-Nichols method and 29.9% with the Root Locus method. A lower overshoot value indicates relatively stable control system response to input changes, reducing the risk of excessive oscillations that could damage the system or cause instability. The rise time values obtained were 0.404s for Cohen-Coon, 1.6481s for Ziegler-Nichols, and 0.3s for Root Locus. The settling time values were 2.66s for Cohen-Coon, 49.9369s for Ziegler-Nichols, and 1.74s for Root Locus. Despite Cohen- Coon having a higher settling time compared to Root Locus, it exhibited less overshoot after reaching the set point, suggesting a more stable control. In the context of turret gun applications, balancing responsiveness (rise time) and stability (settling time) is crucial. If the turret gun requires a very rapid response to changes in target position, using PID with Root Locus can provide an advantage in achieving high precision targeting in a short time. However, if the primary concern is maintaining position stability after reaching the target, the Cohen-Coon approach may be more suitable.

Keywords: turret gun; control PID; Cohen-Coon; azimuth axis