EVERGREEN

Joint Journal of Novel Carbon Resource Sciences and Green Asia Strategy

ISSN:2189-0420 (Print until Mar 2020)
ISSN:2432-5953 (Online)

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Material Waste Analysis Using Lean Construction In the Project of Gedung Hunian Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Narkotika

Sapitri1,*, Atika Oktaviani1, Muhammad Noor Hisyam Jusoh2
1Faculty of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Universitas Islam Riau, Pekanbaru, 28284, Indonesia
2Faculty of Engineering, Technology and Built Environment, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:
E-mail: spitriap@eng.uir.ac.id (S)
Evergreen, Vol. 13, Iss. 02, pp. 851–862, 2026
DOI: 10.5109/7432660
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Received: September 28, 2025 | Revised: February 19, 2026 | Accepted: May 31, 2026 | Published: June 2026
Abstract
Material waste poses cost in the construction project management process. This research aims to determine the quantity of high-cost material waste and pinpoint the primary causes of waste in the Gedung Hunian Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Narkotika construction project. Employing a lean construction approach, data were analyzing using the IBM SPSS 26 application. Material waste levels were calculated by comparing the waste volume and the total installed material, while the Borda method was utilized to rank the most influential waste indicators. The results analysis identified three high-cost materials: threaded rebar, K-300 ready-mix concrete, and plain rebar. Specifically, the percentage of material waste level for threaded rebar were 1% (D19), 11% (D16), 3% (D13), 5% (D10); K-300 ready mix concrete was 3%; and for plain rebar were 5% (Ø12), 1% (Ø10), and 0% (Ø8). Overproduction variable, characterized by an indicator of overuse of materials that exceed the needs, emerged as the main causative waste factor, weighing 0.45. These findings provide actionable insights for minimizing material waste and improving cost efficiency in construction projects.
Keywords
borda; lean construction; material waste; waste level; waste ranking
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