EVERGREEN

Joint Journal of Novel Carbon Resource Sciences and Green Asia Strategy

ISSN:2189-0420 (Print until Mar 2020)
ISSN:2432-5953 (Online)

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A Bibliometric Study of SMEs' Digital Transformation Patterns in The Decade of Industry 4.0 Integration

Tuti Ermawati1,*, Diah Setiari Suhodo2, Septian Adityawati1, Anggi Putri Kurniadi1, Jiwa Sarana1, Ragil Yoga Edi1, Adang Sonjaya1
1Research Center for Macroeconomics and Finance, National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia
2Research Center for Behavioral and Circular Economics, National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:
E-mail: tuti005@brin.go.id (TE)
Evergreen, Vol. 12, Iss. 04, pp. 2031–2045, 2025
DOI: 10.5109/7402635
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Received: May 26, 2025 | Revised: August 18, 2025 | Accepted: December 16, 2025 | Published: December 2025
Abstract
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play a crucial role in contributing to global GDP, particularly in developing countries like Indonesia, where SMEs account for 61% of the total GDP. Despite their significance, SMEs face several challenges, including a slowdown in growth caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, intense competition among producers, and limited adoption of e-based solutions. Therefore, the adoption of digital technologies has become essential to enhance SMEs' productivity and performance. Despite the burgeoning systematic literature review on digital transformation and Industry 4.0, it predominantly focuses on large enterprises and often overlooks the strategic responses of SMEs. This study offers a novel bibliometric synthesis that not only maps the intellectual landscape of SMEs' digital transformation but also concentrates exclusively on the digital transformation of SMEs that is directly aligned with the core pillars of Industry 4.0. Using 510 articles retrieved from Scopus and analyzed with VOSviewer and R Studio software, the findings reveal five key clusters addressed by SMEs over the past decade. These five clusters are business model and competitive advantage; business performance and digital marketing; digital entrepreneurship and digital innovation; business model innovation; and big data.
Keywords
business performance; digital transformation; digitalization; Industry 4.0; SMEs
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