EVERGREEN

Joint Journal of Novel Carbon Resource Sciences and Green Asia Strategy

ISSN:2189-0420 (Print until Mar 2020)
ISSN:2432-5953 (Online)

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Evaluating the Effectiveness of Ozonation for Microbial Reduction in Fresh Cow Milk: A Case Study from Bandung District

Biatna Dulbert Tampubolon1,2, Ary Budi Mulyono1,*, Putty Anggraeni1, Widia Citra Anggundari1, Daryono Restu Wahono1, Teguh Pribadi Adinugroho1, Bambang Prasetya1, Nanang Kusnandar1, Abdul Manab2, Lilik Eka Radiati2
1Research Center for Manufacturing Technology of Equipment, National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia
2Faculty of Animal Science, Brawijaya University, Indonesia
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:
E-mail: arybudimulyono01@gmail.com (ABM)
Evergreen, Vol. 12, Iss. 04, pp. 2175–2183, 2025
DOI: 10.5109/7402646
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Received: June 05, 2025 | Revised: August 17, 2025 | Accepted: December 16, 2025 | Published: December 2025
Abstract
Ozonation is a microbial inactivation technology expected to reduce microbes in fresh cow milk without compromising its nutritional content. This study evaluates the effectiveness of ozonation in reducing the microbial load in fresh cow milk from Bandung District. Using 15-minute ozone treatment, microbial levels were reduced by up to 86.6%, though only 45% of the samples achieved reductions above 50%. T-test results suggest the reductions are not statistically significant with a 95% confidence level (p > 0.05).
Keywords
fresh cow milk; microbial load; ozone; standard
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