EVERGREEN

Joint Journal of Novel Carbon Resource Sciences and Green Asia Strategy

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The Influence of Human Factors and Measurements on the Formation of Cybersickness while using Virtual Reality: Systematic Literature Review

Titis Wijayanto1,*, Chalis Fajri Hasibuan1,2, Budi Hartono1
1Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
2Department of Industrial Engineering, Universitas Medan Area, Indonesia
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:
E-mail: titis.wijayanto.example@university.edu (TW)
Evergreen, Vol. 12, Iss. 02, pp. 728–739, 2025
DOI: 10.5109/7363471
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Received: July 25, 2024 | Revised: March 10, 2025 | Accepted: April 12, 2025 | Published: June 2025
Abstract
Cybersickness is an impact arising from the use of virtual reality. It can be influenced by many factors, including the human factor. As virtual reality users, humans feel their movement through various sensory organs, such as sight and hearing. Many researchers have conducted studies on cybersickness caused by various human factors. This article aims to explore the concept of human factors, examine their influence on cybersickness, and review the methods used to measure them. A total of 39 out of 653 articles, taken from trusted databases and published from 2000 to May 2024, were reviewed. They were selected and sorted using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA). The result shows that the human factors used to identify cybersickness are age, sex, congenital disease, body mass index, ethnicity, and posture. The articles show supporting and opposing findings toward each other regarding human factors. Meanwhile, the measurement was generally carried out using a subjective measurement called SSQ
Keywords
Human Factors ; Measurement ; Virtual Reality ; Cybersickness
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